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Common horse chestnut is the common name of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i>. The tree is large, between sixty and eighty feet tall. The flowers are white tinged with red.

Opening Foliage of Common Horse Chestnut

Common horse chestnut is the common name of Aesculus hippocastanum. The tree is large, between sixty…

Illustrated is a garden or truck cultivator. These are made for both horse and man power.

Garden Cultivator

Illustrated is a garden or truck cultivator. These are made for both horse and man power.

Westington six-pole street-railway generator. The smaller units are connected to the belt, which is typical when the floor space has no restriction. This belted model is not as efficient as the direct-connected model, but for jobs up to 300 horse power the difference can be overlooked.

Street Generator

Westington six-pole street-railway generator. The smaller units are connected to the belt, which is…

Different types of horse breeds. Left is a draft horse, middle is a Shetland pony, and the right is a trotter.

Horse Breeds

Different types of horse breeds. Left is a draft horse, middle is a Shetland pony, and the right is…

A mule is a member of the horse family. A mule is a cross between a male donkey and a female horse, while a hinny is a cross between a male horse and a female donkey, but is not the name of a female mule. Mules are more common than hinnies. Because horses and donkeys have different numbers of chromosomes,all male and most female mules and hinnies are infertile crossbreeds.

Mule & Hinny

A mule is a member of the horse family. A mule is a cross between a male donkey and a female horse,…

The Peteler locust crushing machine was a horse drawn device used to trap and kill locusts. Locusts were a serious hazard to agriculture in the 1800's; this device was one of many used in an attempt to cut back on overwhelming locust populations.

Peteler locust crushing machine

The Peteler locust crushing machine was a horse drawn device used to trap and kill locusts. Locusts…

The King Suction Machine was considered one of the most effective locust extermination machines of its time. It employed a revolving fan to vacuum locusts into a crushing chamber, then ejected their carcasses back down into the soil.

KIng Suction Machine

The King Suction Machine was considered one of the most effective locust extermination machines of its…

The Flory-locust machine was a horse-drawn implement used by farmers to exterminate locust populations. This device was employed with moderate effect. Locusts would be startled into jumping as it rolled over them, and crushed in the moving belts.

The Flory-Locust Machine

The Flory-locust machine was a horse-drawn implement used by farmers to exterminate locust populations.…

The Wilson-Rhode locust catcher was a horse-drawn device used to trap and kill locusts. Locusts were a serious hazard to agriculture in the 1800's; this device was one of many used in an attempt to cut back on overwhelming locust populations.

Wilson-Rhode Locust Catcher

The Wilson-Rhode locust catcher was a horse-drawn device used to trap and kill locusts. Locusts were…

A horse-drawn chariot for soldiers, used to break enemy battalions. The wheels are equipped with blades or scythes, affixed to the axletrees. An archer rides next to the driver, taking aim.

A Chariot of Iron

A horse-drawn chariot for soldiers, used to break enemy battalions. The wheels are equipped with blades…

A gadfly, or Bot-fly, that lays its eggs on horses. After these eggs hatch on the skin, the larvae bore into the skin and create tumors ('warbles') beneath it. When fully fed, they leave their host and drop to the ground, bury themselves, and, after pupation, emerge as flies. This illustration is enlarged, and also shows the larvae.

Gadfly of Horse

A gadfly, or Bot-fly, that lays its eggs on horses. After these eggs hatch on the skin, the larvae bore…

The horse leech, similar to the medicinal leech, feeds chiefly on earthworms and on other leeches.

Horse Leech

The horse leech, similar to the medicinal leech, feeds chiefly on earthworms and on other leeches.

This illustration shows a human leg (front view), and comparative diagrams showing modifications of the leg: 1. Human, 2. Ox, 3. Horse, 4. Bird, 5. Frog, 6. Crocodile, 7. Seal, 8. Dog, 9. Bear P. Pelvis, FE. Femur, TI. Tibia, FI. Fibula, TA. Tarsus, MT. Metatarsus, PH. Phalanges, OC. Os Calcis.

Human Leg (Front View), and Comparative Diagrams showing Modifications of the Leg

This illustration shows a human leg (front view), and comparative diagrams showing modifications of…

This illustration shows the leg of a horse.

Leg of Horse

This illustration shows the leg of a horse.

The anatomy of a horse. 1, ears; 2, forelock; 3, forehead; 4, eyes; 5, eye-pits; 6, nose; 7, nostril; 8, point of nose; 9, lips; 10, nether jaw; 11, cheek; 12, poll; 13, mane; 14, withers; 15, parotid glands; 16, throat; 17, neck; 18, jugular vein; 19, shoulder; 20, breast; 21, ribs; 22, back; 23, loins; 24, hip; 25, flank; 26, belly; 27, haunch; 28, thigh; 29, buttock; 30, stifle; 31, leg; 32, tail; 33, hock or hough; 34, cannon or shank bone; 35, arms; 36, knees; 37, passage for girth; 38, elbow; 39, shank; 40, bullet; 41, pasterns; 42, coronet; 43, foot; 44, hoof; 45, fetlock.

Horse

The anatomy of a horse. 1, ears; 2, forelock; 3, forehead; 4, eyes; 5, eye-pits; 6, nose; 7, nostril;…

Soldiers chasing a lone man who is assumed to be an enemy or spy.

Civil War Horse Chase

Soldiers chasing a lone man who is assumed to be an enemy or spy.

A riderless horse rearing.

Riderless Horse

A riderless horse rearing.

A blacksmith shoeing a horse while small children watch.

Local Blacksmith

A blacksmith shoeing a horse while small children watch.

A horse drinking from a trough next to a well. An old woman is tending to the chickens and children.

Horse Drinking

A horse drinking from a trough next to a well. An old woman is tending to the chickens and children.

Man dressed as a caricature of a Viking with a winged helmet and blowing a horn.

Norseman with Winged Helmet on Horseback

Man dressed as a caricature of a Viking with a winged helmet and blowing a horn.

An old woman sitting on a horse being led by an old man. They are traveling through the woods. A streamer on the old woman's hat trails in the breeze.

Adults and a Horse

An old woman sitting on a horse being led by an old man. They are traveling through the woods. A streamer…

A shocking horse used for cutting corn.

Shocking Horse

A shocking horse used for cutting corn.

"They took Jesus therefore: and he went out, bearing the cross for himself, unto the place called The place of a skull, which is called in Hebrew, Golgotha..." John 19:17 ASV <p>Illustration of Jesus bearing his cross as his mother, Mary, falls to her knees in front of him. A disciple stands in the background (right). Simon stands behind Jesus with his left hand on the cross and a length of rope in his raised right hand. Behind Simon is another man, carrying a ladder. A crowd is following, including a soldier on a horse.

Jesus Carrying the Cross on the Way to Calvary

"They took Jesus therefore: and he went out, bearing the cross for himself, unto the place called The…

Illustration of a Hun warrior riding on horseback, his mouth open as if to scream. The warrior has a shield, ax, and javelin or spear. He also has a whip tied to his wrist. He is wearing a fur cap and some sort of animal pelt. Heads hang from the horse's garb and the horse is in full gallop. This is a detail taken from a larger drawing by A. De Neuville in the 19th century. The full drawing portrays this Hun among others riding over bound women and children. It is meant to portray them as barbarians.

Hun Warrior on Horseback in Battle

Illustration of a Hun warrior riding on horseback, his mouth open as if to scream. The warrior has a…

Illustration of a drawing in <I>The Harley Psalter</I>, an illuminated manuscript of the second and third decades of the 11th century. Two Anglo-Saxon warriors ride horseback wielding an axe and long spear or javelin. Both horses are rearing up, their front legs off the ground. Both weapons are raised. The warrior in front has dark hair while the hair of the one behind appears to be lighter-colored.

Two Anglo-Saxon Warriors on Horseback

Illustration of a drawing in The Harley Psalter, an illuminated manuscript of the second and third decades…

A high-born, noblewoman rides a stallion while holding a falcon perched on her right hand. She is wearing a falconry glove and holds the horses reins in her left hand. She is wearing the traditional dress for the upper class during the late Middle Ages, or Medieval period, including a piece of fabric wrapped over her head and down around her neck. The ends of the fabric fly out over her shoulders as she rides. Only the front hooves of the horse are visible. A man on horseback follows her in the background.

Falconry as Practiced by a Noblewoman of the Middle Ages on Horseback

A high-born, noblewoman rides a stallion while holding a falcon perched on her right hand. She is wearing…

Two young men prepare the field using a simple harrow pulled by a horse. One man follows behind the harrow. He is wearing a short tunic and his hood is pushed back. The other man goes in front of the horse, guiding it, and using a whip to drive it forward. Two birds fly overhead.

Harrowing a Field for Farming in the Middle Ages

Two young men prepare the field using a simple harrow pulled by a horse. One man follows behind the…

"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." Genesis 1:1 ASV <p>Illustration of God sitting on a cloud with his arms outstretched as he creates the earth. He has a triangular halo behind his head. Adam and Eve (left) stand partially hidden by plants and Adam reaches out to the animals, including an elephant, turtle, snake, rooster, lion, rabbit, horse, peacock, tropical bird, sheep, duck, elk, and goat.

The Creation of the World - Adam and Eve, Animals, Plants,

"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." Genesis 1:1 ASV Illustration of God sitting…

"And every living thing was destroyed that was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and creeping things, and birds of the heavens; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only was left, and they that were with him in the ark." Genesis 7:23 ASV <p>People watch the flood waters rise around them as Noah's ark floats away in the distance. The people are huddled on a structure being taken over by the flood. An awning is seen barely above the water level. A woman sits with her lifeless child in her lap. Several people reach up to the heavens or out toward Noah. A horse and bird lie on a nearby raft.

The Deluge - Noah's Ark Floats into the Rising Flood Waters as People Trapped on Land Watch in Horror

"And every living thing was destroyed that was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and…

"48 And he gathered up all the food of the seven years which were in the land of Egypt, and laid up the food in the cities: the food of the field, which was round about every city, laid he up in the same. And Joseph laid up grain as the sand of the sea, very much, until he left off numbering; for it was without number." Genesis 41:48-49 ASV <p> Illustration of Joseph riding through Egypt's streets in a chariot with a herald leading the horse and announcing him. He holds several sheaves of wheat with his left arm and is collecting more from the people. A small child is handing him more sheaves. Pharaoh and four other royals emerge from a doorway behind Joseph and Pharaoh is pointing to him. An obelisk is visible in the background.

Joseph Collects Wheat as Governor of Egypt in Preparation for the Famine

"48 And he gathered up all the food of the seven years which were in the land of Egypt, and laid up…

"And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his father, to Goshen; and he presented himself unto him, and fell on his neck, and wept on his neck a good while. And Israel said unto Joseph, Now let me die, since I have seen thy face, that thou art yet alive." Genesis 46:29-30 <p>Illustration of Joseph as he embraces Jacob. All of Jacob's family and people stand behind him. They are dressed as shepherds and bring sheep with them. Horses and Egyptians stand behind Joseph. Two of the Egyptians hold parasols. A pyramid can be seen in the background of the direction from which Joseph has come.

Joseph Greets His Father Jacob and His Family

"And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his father, to Goshen; and he presented…

"And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and Jehovah overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea. And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them." Exodus 14:27-28 ASV <p>Pharaoh and his armies are destroyed by the returning water of the Red Sea. Men, chariots, weapons, and horses are tossed by waves. Moses and the Israelites stand on dry land in the background. Moses has his staff raised over the waters. A single strike of lightning streaks the sky.

The Red Sea Swallows Pharaoh and His Army

"And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning…

"So the people shouted, and the priests blew the trumpets; and it came to pass, when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, that the people shouted with a great shout, and the wall fell down flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man straight before him, and they took the city." Joshua 6:20 ASV <p>Illustration of the Israelites entering the city of Jericho. The priests are carrying the Ark of the Covenant and blowing trumpets. Several men are carrying spears and shields. A man, possibly Joshua, rides on a horse, carrying a sword, and gesturing for the people to enter. In the background, the walls of Jericho are falling down.

The Walls of Jericho Fall and the Israelites Enter the Promised Land

"So the people shouted, and the priests blew the trumpets; and it came to pass, when the people heard…

"Then said Joab, I may not tarry thus with thee. And he took three darts in his hand, and thrust them through the heart of Absalom, while he was yet alive in the midst of the oak. And ten young men that bare Joab's armor compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him." 2 Samuel 18:14-15 ASV <p>Illustration of Absalom hanging by his hair from an oak tree. His horse is rearing on its hind legs, preparing to run away. Joab, the general, holds two spears in one hand and prepares to stab Absalom with the third. Other members of Joab's troops have their swords raised, poised to strike.

Absalom is Killed by Joab While Hanging in a Tree

"Then said Joab, I may not tarry thus with thee. And he took three darts in his hand, and thrust them…

"And it came to pass, as they still went on, and talked, that, behold, there appeared a chariot of fire, and horses of fire, which parted them both asunder; and Elijah went up by a whirlwind into heaven." 2 Kings 2:11 ASV <p>Illustration of the prophet Elijah riding in a chariot drawn by three horses, being taken up to heaven. The chariot's wheels are flaming. A line of clouds supports the chariot and horses. The chariot has a star on the front. Elisha can be seen kneeling and watching from the ground. Mountains and a small town are pictured below.

Elijah Taken up to Heaven in a Chariot of Fire and a Whirlwind

"And it came to pass, as they still went on, and talked, that, behold, there appeared a chariot of fire,…

"And there followed him a great multitude of the people, and of women who bewailed and lamented him. But Jesus turning unto them said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children." Luke 23:27-28 ASV <p>Illustration of Jesus carrying his cross. He is turned to the women who are weeping and following the procession. His arm is raised to them as he comforts them. A soldier walks before the cross and a soldier on horseback rides alongside. Simon takes the rope holding the cross and prepares to take the burden from Jesus. The walls of the city can be seen in the distance.

Jesus Carries His Cross and Comforts the Women Following Him

"And there followed him a great multitude of the people, and of women who bewailed and lamented him.…

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round about him a light out of heaven: and he fell upon the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?" Acts 9:3-4 ASV <p>Illustration of Saul fallen to the ground. A soldier is kneeling next to him, attempting to help him. Jesus' upper body emerges from a cloud, his arms raised and hands aimed at Saul. Rays of light descend from the cloud. A horse rears next to Saul and one of his companions attempts to control it. Several Christians are bound and being led by soldiers in the shadows of the background.

The Conversion of Paul - Saul Falls to the Ground

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round…

Illustration of Pope Leo, dressed in full papal costume and holding the primatial cross, approaches Attila the Hun. Several clergy follow behind Leo, one carrying the cross of Christ. Attila bows slightly. He is wearing a crown and carrying a sword. His army follows behind. The face of a horse is visible. God, carrying a sword, floats in a cloud over the scene.

Pope Leo the Great Approaches Attila, King of the Huns, on the Battlefield

Illustration of Pope Leo, dressed in full papal costume and holding the primatial cross, approaches…

Illustration of a monk, riding horseback, surrounded by other Crusaders. Two other monks are in the crowd. A woman kneels at the head of the group and raises her child up to see the soldiers. The monk on horseback holds a cross in his raised hand. Pope Urban II proclaimed the First Crusade in 1095. The goal was to restore Christian access to holy places in and around Jerusalem.

The Crusades being Preached by a Monk on Horseback

Illustration of a monk, riding horseback, surrounded by other Crusaders. Two other monks are in the…

Illustration including one large shield from the first half of the 13th century, bearing a decorative cross. It also includes two men having a sword fight. The man on the left is wearing a shield from the close of the 14th century, while the man on the right uses a shield from the close of the 13th century. The man on the right is on horseback. Both men have their swords raised and are wearing full armor.

Medieval Shields from the 13th and 14th Centuries

Illustration including one large shield from the first half of the 13th century, bearing a decorative…

Illustration of a knight, riding a horse at full gallop, carrying a javelin and wearing full armor. A woman's sleeve streams from his left shoulder. He wears the sleeve as a favor from the woman. The illustration is from Viollet-le-Duc's "Dictionary du Mobilier francais.,

A Knight on Horseback, Wearing a Woman's Sleeve as a Favor

Illustration of a knight, riding a horse at full gallop, carrying a javelin and wearing full armor.…

"A vehicle, mounted on runners, for transporting persons on the snow or ice; sled. a, runners; b, shoes; c, shafts or thills; d, braces; e, body; f, cushioned seat; g, dashboard; h, raves." —Whitney, 1889

A Single-Horse Sleigh or Cutter

"A vehicle, mounted on runners, for transporting persons on the snow or ice; sled. a, runners; b, shoes;…

"...hobbled or fettered to a clog; said of a horse. When the bearing is properly depicted, a fore and a hind leg should have each a fetter-lock above the foot and fastened to the one end of a heavy clog." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>Illustration of a shield with a depiction of a spancelled (spanceled) horse.

Spancelling of a Horse

"...hobbled or fettered to a clog; said of a horse. When the bearing is properly depicted, a fore and…

"But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was: and when he saw him, he was moved with compassion, and came to him, and bound up his wounds, pouring on them oil and wine; and he set him on his own beast, and brought him to an inn, and took care of him." Luke 10:33-34 ASV <p>Illustration of a Samaritan kneeling next to an injured man and wrapping his injured arm with a cloth. The man leans against a tree, barely covered by a piece of cloth. An open box sits on the ground. A saddled horse stands nearby.

The Good Samaritan Binds the Wounds of an Injured Man

"But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was: and when he saw him, he was moved with…

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round about him a light out of heaven: and he fell upon the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?" Acts 9:3-4 ASV <p>Illustration of Saul falling off his horse as a bright light descends from heaven. The horse is rearing on its hind legs and Saul is throwing his hands up as he falls backwards. He is dressed in a soldier's uniform. Several other soldiers stand behind him. The road to Damascus can be seen stretching into the distance.

Saul's Conversion on the Road to Damascus

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round…